Breaker By Aria Ray
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Michael Stonebreaker, a two-time All-American and one of the most skilled linebackers in college football in the late 1980s, has been elected as a member of the 2023 College Football Hall of Fame Class by the National Football Foundation.
The Irish eventually finished sixth in the final poll of 1990 while Stonebreaker earned unanimous All-America honors and invitations to the Japan and Hula Bowls. During his three seasons in South Bend, he tallied 220 career tackles, eight pass breakups and five interceptions, including one returned for a touchdown.
Selected in the ninth round of the 1991 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears, Stonebreaker played three seasons in the league with Chicago, Atlanta, and New Orleans. He played one season in the World League for the Frankfurt Galaxy in 1995.
He currently resides in New Orleans, and he is the owner and operating partner of N.O. Brew Coffee, a cold-drip, handcrafted coffee product. Stonebreaker has worked with Saveourlake.com to raise awareness for coastal erosion since 2005, and he is a member of Notre Dame NCSA Advisory Board. He donates coffee grounds from N.O. Brew to The School at Blair Grocery.
The megacorporation Ultratech, while still as powerful as ever, is now perceived by the public as a humanitarian organization that seeks only the good of mankind. However, the cybernetic CEO ARIA begins to drive humanity to the breaking point by testing them and pushing them further, attempting to force the humans to evolve for their own survival. Her tampering awakens ancient abominations, and soon the whole Earth is put in peril as part of ARIA's final test.
The most common signs that a dog has bladder stones are hematuria (blood in the urine) and dysuria (straining to urinate). Hematuria occurs because the stones rub against the bladder wall, irritating and damaging the tissue and causing bleeding. Dysuria may result from inflammation and swelling of the bladder wall or the urethra (the tube that transports the urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body), from muscle spasms, or from a physical obstruction of urine flow. Veterinarians assume that the condition is painful, because people with bladder stones experience pain, and because many clients remark about how much better and more active their dog becomes following surgical removal of bladder stones.
In general, there are three main treatment options for bladder stones: 1) surgical removal; 2) non-surgical removal by urohydropropulsion, and 3) dietary dissolution. The specific treatment that is recommended for your dog will depend on the type of stone that is present. Your veterinarian will discuss the pros and cons of each treatment option with you in more detail, based on your dog's individual circumstances.
Surgical removal of bladder stones. This is often the quickest way of treating bladder stones; however, it may not be the best option for patients that have other health concerns, or in whom general anesthesia could be risky. With this option, the stones are removed via cystotomy; a surgical procedure to access and open the bladder so that the stones can be removed. This surgery is routinely performed by many veterinarians and dogs usually make a rapid post-operative recovery. If the stones have obstructed the urethra, such that the dog is unable to urinate, an emergency procedure must be performed IMMEDIATELY to save the dog's life.
Urohydropropulsion. If the bladder stones are very small it may be possible to pass a special catheter into the bladder and then flush the stones out, using a non-surgical technique called urohydropropulsion. In some cases, this procedure may be performed with the dog under heavy sedation, although general anesthesia is often necessary. If your veterinarian has a cystoscope, small stones in the bladder can sometimes be removed with this instrument, therefore avoiding surgical procedure to open the bladder.
In some selected referral centers, a fourth option may be available to treat bladder stones. This option is ultrasonic dissolution, a technique in which high frequency ultrasound waves are used to disrupt or break the stones into tiny particles that can then be flushed out of the bladder. It has the advantage of immediate removal of the offending stones without the need for surgery. Your veterinarian will discuss this treatment option with you if it is available in your area.
Whenever possible, bladder stones (either those that are removed surgically or those small enough to be passed in the urine), should be analyzed for their chemical composition. This will permit your veterinarian to determine if a special diet will be helpful in preventing recurrence (see handout \"Nutritional Concerns for Dogs with Bladder Stone\" for more information). If the stones formed because of a bacterial infection, it is recommended that periodic urinalyses and urine cultures be performed to detect sub-clinical recurrences and determine if antibiotics should be prescribed. Periodic bladder X-rays or ultrasounds may be helpful in some cases to determine if bladder stones are recurring.
Aaron earned an MPhil in Epidemiology at University of Cambridge. Under the supervision of Dr. Paul Pharoah and Dr. Serena Nik-Zainal, he completed a bioinformatics thesis on the association between germline risk-conferring variants and somatic mutational signatures in breast cancer. As both an NIH OxCam Scholar and a Gates Cambridge Scholar, Aaron will pursue PhD research on the development of machine learning-driven algorithms for identification and evaluation of breast cancer histology slides, under the supervision of Dr. Pharoah, as well as Dr. Montserrat Garcia-Closas and Dr. Jonas Almeida at the NCI.
Jenny first entered the world of scientific research as a freshman at Caltech in 2014. She joined the lab of Professor Marianne Bronner, where she learned the importance of the neural crest, a unique population of stem cells in developing vertebrate embryos. She continued to work in the Bronner lab throughout the rest of her undergraduate career, researching oncogenes involved in the initiation of neuroblastoma, a neural crest-derived cancer. During the summer of 2017, Jenny traveled to Reykjavik, Iceland through a summer exchange program between Caltech and the University of Iceland. She worked in the lab of Dr. Gudrun Valdimarsdottir, studying the role of TGF-beta signaling in breast cancer cells. Her work in Iceland not only expanded her research interests but also sparked a desire to study abroad which would eventually lead her to find the NIH OxCam program.After graduating from Caltech in 2018 with a BS in Biology, Jenny joined the lab of Dr. Laura Kerosuo in the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) at the NIH, where she focused on studying the stem cell properties of the neural crest as a post-baccalaureate research fellow. While at the NIH, Jenny made the decision to take the long path of becoming a physician-scientist so that she could combine her lifelong desire to become a physician with her ever growing passion for science. Subsequently, she matriculated to the UAB Heersink School of Medicine in 2020 through the UAB Medical Scientist Training Program and has since completed 2 years of medical training.Currently, Jenny has returned to studying the neural crest and neuroblastoma. She is working to identify novel genes that initiate aggressive neuroblastoma and create neuroblastoma models using human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest cells. Ultimately, she hopes to set up 3D tumor models where the in vitro environment mimics the biological microenvironment to better understand ways in which neuroblastoma can be treated.
Stephanie graduated cum laude from the University of Rhode Island (URI) in 2020 with a degree in cell and molecular biology and minor in chemistry. While at URI she worked under Dr. Marta Gomez-Chiarri for two years where she was introduced to the field of aquatic pathology and learned to utilize quantitative microbiology and aquatic husbandry to develop strategies to protect marine life and aquaculture systems from infectious diseases. Her senior year she was awarded an Undergraduate Research and Innovation(URI2) grant to understand the pathogenic relationship between climatic variation and the emergence of a bacterial isolate causing mortality in wild fin-fish populations from the Galapagos. Post-graduation, she desired further experiences understanding the molecular details of microbial pathogenesis and joined the laboratory of Dr. Vanessa Hirsch at the NIH as a postbaccalaureate fellow. Alongside mentor, Dr. Fadila Bouamr, she conducted experiments elucidating mechanisms of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), host cell machinery hijacked by most human RNA viruses, to address questions regarding transmission of HIV-1 virions. In addition, she worked on a project developing an oral-based vaccine capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in collaboration with Dr. Michael Grigg and his lab. Throughout her two years as a postbaccalaureate fellow, Stephanie became fascinated with the intrinsic cellular barriers to viral infection studying the role of antiviral restriction factor, TRIM5alpha, and its implications in pathogenesis of retroviruses as well as flaviviruses in an on-going collaboration with Dr. Sonja Best. She will continue characterizing novel restrictive functions of TRIM5alpha as an NIH-Oxford Scholar which she hopes may strengthen insights into viral pathogenesis and the development of antiviral therapies. Working alongside Oxford mentor, Dr. Peijun Zhang, she hopes to learn and harness the powerful technologies of high-resolution imagining for a firm structure-function understanding of TRIM5alpha recognition mechanisms.Believing that the fight against the global burden of pathogens relies on an understanding of their basic biology, Stephanie plans to continue expanding her arsenal of technical skills and knowledge to study host-virus interactions. She hopes her efforts will contribute to the development of preventative measures and treatments. 59ce067264
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